Class 11 Political Science Chapter 6 – Judiciary Important Questions
These Judiciary Important Questions cover the most important MCQs, one-word questions, assertion and reason questions and descriptive questions from NCERT Class 11 Political Science Chapter 6. The questions are prepared from NCERT concepts and important exam-oriented topics for quick revision and practice.
This page is useful for UPSC, SSC, PSC, Railway, CUET and Class 11 Political Science preparation, helping students revise important concepts related to judiciary, judicial review, independence of judiciary, Supreme Court, judicial activism and protection of Fundamental Rights.
Table of Contents
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
These MCQs from Judiciary are designed for quick objective revision and competitive exam preparation. The questions cover important judicial concepts, constitutional provisions, powers of courts, judicial review and democratic governance discussed in the NCERT chapter.
MCQ 1
The judiciary is mainly responsible for:
- A. Making laws
- B. Implementing laws
- C. Interpreting laws and delivering justice
- D. Conducting elections
Answer: C. Interpreting laws and delivering justice
Page Reference: Page 92
MCQ 2
Which is the highest court in India?
- A. High Court
- B. District Court
- C. Supreme Court
- D. Sessions Court
Answer: C. Supreme Court
Page Reference: Page 93
MCQ 3
The Supreme Court of India was established in:
- A. 1947
- B. 1949
- C. 1950
- D. 1952
Answer: C. 1950
Page Reference: Page 93
MCQ 4
Judicial review means the power of judiciary to:
- A. Conduct elections
- B. Review and declare laws unconstitutional
- C. Prepare budgets
- D. Amend the Constitution
Answer: B. Review and declare laws unconstitutional
Page Reference: Page 96
MCQ 5
The independence of judiciary is essential for:
- A. Dictatorship
- B. Fair justice and democracy
- C. Military rule
- D. Colonial administration
Answer: B. Fair justice and democracy
Page Reference: Page 94
MCQ 6
Who appoints the judges of the Supreme Court?
- A. Prime Minister
- B. Parliament
- C. President
- D. Election Commission
Answer: C. President
Page Reference: Page 95
MCQ 7
Public Interest Litigation (PIL) allows courts to hear cases related to:
- A. Private business only
- B. Public welfare and rights
- C. Foreign trade only
- D. Military disputes only
Answer: B. Public welfare and rights
Page Reference: Page 99
MCQ 8
Which court acts as the guardian of the Constitution?
- A. High Court
- B. District Court
- C. Supreme Court
- D. Gram Nyayalaya
Answer: C. Supreme Court
Page Reference: Page 96
MCQ 9
Judicial activism refers to:
- A. Judiciary avoiding constitutional issues
- B. Active role of judiciary in protecting rights
- C. Military control over courts
- D. Election reforms only
Answer: B. Active role of judiciary in protecting rights
Page Reference: Page 99
MCQ 10
The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in disputes involving:
- A. Private property only
- B. Centre and states
- C. Local government elections only
- D. Marriage disputes only
Answer: B. Centre and states
Page Reference: Page 97
MCQ 11
Which article provides constitutional remedies?
- A. Article 14
- B. Article 19
- C. Article 32
- D. Article 370
Answer: C. Article 32
Page Reference: Page 98
MCQ 12
The High Courts operate at the:
- A. National level
- B. International level
- C. State level
- D. Village level
Answer: C. State level
Page Reference: Page 97
MCQ 13
Which writ protects individual liberty against illegal detention?
- A. Mandamus
- B. Habeas Corpus
- C. Certiorari
- D. Prohibition
Answer: B. Habeas Corpus
Page Reference: Page 98
MCQ 14
The judiciary acts as a check on:
- A. Citizens only
- B. Arbitrary exercise of power by legislature and executive
- C. Media only
- D. Political parties only
Answer: B. Arbitrary exercise of power by legislature and executive
Page Reference: Page 96
MCQ 15
The tenure security of judges helps in maintaining:
- A. Political control
- B. Judicial independence
- C. Executive dominance
- D. Legislative supremacy only
Answer: B. Judicial independence
Page Reference: Page 95
MCQ 16
Which type of jurisdiction allows Supreme Court to hear appeals?
- A. Original jurisdiction
- B. Advisory jurisdiction
- C. Appellate jurisdiction
- D. Administrative jurisdiction
Answer: C. Appellate jurisdiction
Page Reference: Page 97
MCQ 17
Which institution protects Fundamental Rights in India?
- A. Legislature
- B. Executive
- C. Judiciary
- D. Election Commission
Answer: C. Judiciary
Page Reference: Page 98
MCQ 18
The advisory jurisdiction of Supreme Court is exercised when:
- A. President seeks legal advice
- B. Parliament passes laws
- C. Elections are conducted
- D. Emergency is declared
Answer: A. President seeks legal advice
Page Reference: Page 97
MCQ 19
Which concept allows easier access to justice for disadvantaged groups?
- A. Judicial review
- B. PIL
- C. Federalism
- D. Preventive detention
Answer: B. PIL
Page Reference: Page 99
MCQ 20
Judicial review strengthens:
- A. Arbitrary government
- B. Constitutional supremacy
- C. Military authority
- D. Executive dictatorship
Answer: B. Constitutional supremacy
Page Reference: Page 96
One-Word / Very Short Answer Questions
These one-word and factual questions help students quickly revise important judicial concepts, constitutional provisions and court functions from the chapter. The section is especially useful for UPSC, SSC, PSC, Railway, CUET and other objective examinations.
- Which is the highest court in India?
Answer: Supreme Court
Page Reference: Page 93 - In which year was the Supreme Court established?
Answer: 1950
Page Reference: Page 93 - Which power allows courts to examine constitutionality of laws?
Answer: Judicial review
Page Reference: Page 96 - Who appoints Supreme Court judges?
Answer: President
Page Reference: Page 95 - Which court acts as guardian of the Constitution?
Answer: Supreme Court
Page Reference: Page 96 - What does PIL stand for?
Answer: Public Interest Litigation
Page Reference: Page 99 - Which jurisdiction handles Centre-state disputes?
Answer: Original jurisdiction
Page Reference: Page 97 - Which article provides constitutional remedies?
Answer: Article 32
Page Reference: Page 98 - Which writ protects personal liberty?
Answer: Habeas Corpus
Page Reference: Page 98 - Which courts function at state level?
Answer: High Courts
Page Reference: Page 97 - Which jurisdiction hears appeals?
Answer: Appellate jurisdiction
Page Reference: Page 97 - Which jurisdiction gives legal advice to the President?
Answer: Advisory jurisdiction
Page Reference: Page 97 - What ensures fair justice in democracy?
Answer: Judicial independence
Page Reference: Page 94 - Which institution protects Fundamental Rights?
Answer: Judiciary
Page Reference: Page 98 - Which concept strengthens constitutional supremacy?
Answer: Judicial review
Page Reference: Page 96
Assertion and Reason Questions
These assertion and reason questions from Judiciary help students develop conceptual clarity and analytical understanding of judicial independence, constitutional supremacy and judicial functions. They are highly useful for board exams and competitive examinations.
Question 1
Assertion (A): Judiciary is essential in democratic governance.
Reason (R): Judiciary protects laws, rights and constitutional principles.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A
Page Reference: Page 92
Question 2
Assertion (A): Independence of judiciary is necessary in democracy.
Reason (R): Judiciary must function without political pressure.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A
Page Reference: Page 94
Question 3
Assertion (A): Judicial review strengthens constitutional supremacy.
Reason (R): Courts can declare unconstitutional laws invalid.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A
Page Reference: Page 96
Question 4
Assertion (A): Supreme Court protects Fundamental Rights.
Reason (R): Citizens can approach Supreme Court under Article 32.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A
Page Reference: Page 98
Question 5
Assertion (A): PIL increased access to justice in India.
Reason (R): Courts can hear matters involving public interest and welfare.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A
Page Reference: Page 99
Question 6
Assertion (A): Judiciary acts as a check on executive and legislature.
Reason (R): Courts prevent arbitrary exercise of governmental powers.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A
Page Reference: Page 96
Question 7
Assertion (A): Security of tenure strengthens judicial independence.
Reason (R): Judges can work without fear of arbitrary removal.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A
Page Reference: Page 95
Important Exam-Based Concept Questions
These important descriptive and analytical questions from Judiciary are useful for board examinations and competitive exams. The questions focus on conceptual understanding, judicial powers, constitutional supremacy and NCERT-based political analysis.
- Explain the role and functions of judiciary in democracy.
- Discuss the importance of independence of judiciary.
- Explain the powers and jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
- Discuss the significance of judicial review in India.
- Explain how judiciary protects Fundamental Rights.
- Discuss the role of High Courts in the Indian judicial system.
- Explain the meaning and importance of PIL.
- Discuss the relationship between judiciary and constitutional supremacy.
- Explain the importance of Article 32 in protecting citizens’ rights.
- Discuss the role of judiciary in checking executive and legislative powers.
- Explain the different types of jurisdictions of the Supreme Court.
- Discuss the significance of judicial activism in India.
- Analyse the importance of judiciary in democratic governance.
- Explain how courts help maintain rule of law.
- Discuss the challenges faced by the Indian judiciary.
Quick Revision Summary
-
Judiciary:
- Interprets laws and delivers justice
-
Supreme Court:
- Highest court in India
- Established in 1950
- Guardian of the Constitution
-
Judicial Review:
- Courts can declare unconstitutional laws invalid
- Strengthens constitutional supremacy
-
Judicial Independence:
- Essential for fair justice and democracy
-
PIL:
- Public Interest Litigation
- Improves access to justice
-
Article 32:
- Provides constitutional remedies
-
Jurisdictions of Supreme Court:
- Original jurisdiction
- Appellate jurisdiction
- Advisory jurisdiction
-
High Courts:
- Operate at state level
-
Habeas Corpus:
- Protects personal liberty
-
Judicial Activism:
- Active judicial role in protecting rights
-
Fundamental Rights:
- Protected by judiciary
-
Democratic Governance:
- Strengthened through rule of law and constitutional checks
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