Transport and Communication is one of the most important chapters in Human Geography because it explains how movement of people, goods, services and information connects different regions of the world. The chapter covers transport networks, roads, railways, waterways, air transport, pipelines, satellite communication and cyberspace. This question bank includes MCQs, one-word questions, assertion and reason questions and important descriptive questions for complete NCERT-based revision.
These questions are highly useful for CBSE Board Exams, CUET, UPSC, SSC, State PSC, Railways and other competitive examinations. Important concepts such as trans-continental railways, major sea routes, canals, airways, pipelines and modern communication systems are frequently asked in examinations. Based strictly on NCERT Class 12 Geography Chapter 7 – Transport and Communication.
These MCQs cover transport networks, roads, railways, waterways, air transport, pipelines, satellite communication, internet and global communication systems discussed in the NCERT chapter.
1. Transport provides:
A. Agricultural production
B. Network of links and carriers
C. Mining facilities
D. Irrigation systems
2. Which of the following is not a principal mode of transportation?
A. Land
B. Water
C. Air
D. Plantation
3. Pipelines mainly transport:
A. Passengers
B. Petroleum and natural gas
C. Livestock
D. Food grains
4. A transport network consists of:
A. Ports and airports
B. Nodes and links
C. Roads and bridges
D. Railways and highways
5. Which mode is most suitable for bulky materials over long distances within a country?
A. Airways
B. Roadways
C. Railways
D. Ropeways
6. Which mode is best suited for high-value and perishable goods?
A. Roadways
B. Airways
C. Waterways
D. Pipelines
7. The first public railway line was opened in:
A. 1750
B. 1800
C. 1825
D. 1857
8. The first public railway line connected:
A. London and Paris
B. Stockton and Darlington
C. Moscow and St. Petersburg
D. Berlin and Munich
9. Which animal is commonly used for caravan movement in deserts?
A. Horse
B. Mule
C. Camel
D. Reindeer
10. Which animal is preferred in mountainous regions?
A. Camel
B. Mule
C. Dog
D. Bullock
11. Road transport is most economical for:
A. Long distances
B. International trade
C. Short distances
D. Heavy freight only
12. Which continent accounts for about 33% of the world’s motorable roads?
A. Asia
B. Europe
C. North America
D. Africa
13. Traffic congestion generally occurs when:
A. Population decreases
B. Road network cannot cope with demand
C. Railways increase
D. Airports expand
14. Highways are generally:
A. Unmetalled roads
B. Narrow roads
C. Metalled roads connecting distant places
D. Village roads
15. The Golden Quadrilateral connects:
A. Four ports
B. Four metropolitan cities of India
C. Four states
D. Four rivers
16. Border roads are important for:
A. Tourism only
B. Defence and integration
C. Agriculture
D. Mining
17. The standard railway gauge is mainly used in:
A. Russia
B. India
C. China
D. United Kingdom
18. Which country has the highest railway density?
A. Russia
B. Belgium
C. Canada
D. China
19. Channel Tunnel connects:
A. London and Berlin
B. Paris and Berlin
C. London and Paris
D. Rome and Paris
20. Which country accounts for about 90% of transport through railways?
A. India
B. China
C. Russia
D. Canada
21. The Trans-Siberian Railway is located in:
A. Canada
B. Russia
C. Australia
D. U.S.A.
22. The longest trans-continental railway in the world is:
A. Trans-Canadian Railway
B. Orient Express
C. Trans-Siberian Railway
D. Union Pacific Railway
23. The length of the Trans-Siberian Railway is:
A. 7,050 km
B. 8,500 km
C. 9,332 km
D. 10,000 km
24. The Trans-Canadian Railway runs between:
A. Montreal and Toronto
B. Halifax and Vancouver
C. Ottawa and Calgary
D. Quebec and Winnipeg
25. Which railway connects New York to San Francisco?
A. Orient Express
B. Trans-Siberian
C. Union and Pacific Railway
D. Australian Railway
26. Water transport is cheaper because:
A. Water is free
B. Friction is less
C. Ships are smaller
D. Fuel is cheaper
27. Which is the busiest sea route in the world?
A. North Pacific Route
B. Southern Atlantic Route
C. North Atlantic Route
D. Cape Route
28. The Big Trunk Route refers to:
A. North Atlantic Sea Route
B. Mediterranean Route
C. Pacific Route
D. Cape Route
29. Which canal greatly reduced travel distance between Europe and Asia?
A. Panama Canal
B. Kiel Canal
C. Suez Canal
D. Corinth Canal
30. The Suez Canal was constructed in:
A. 1800
B. 1857
C. 1869
D. 1905
31. The Suez Canal links:
A. Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
B. Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea
C. Black Sea and Caspian Sea
D. Baltic Sea and North Sea
32. Panama Canal connects:
A. Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
B. Mediterranean and Red Seas
C. Arctic and Atlantic Oceans
D. Indian and Pacific Oceans
33. Panama Canal shortens distance between New York and San Francisco by:
A. 5,000 km
B. 8,000 km
C. 10,000 km
D. 13,000 km
34. Which inland waterway is the world’s most heavily used?
A. Danube
B. Rhine
C. Volga
D. Mississippi
35. The Rhine Waterway connects industrial regions with:
A. Pacific Ocean
B. Arctic Ocean
C. North Atlantic Sea Route
D. Mediterranean Sea
36. The Volga River drains into:
A. Black Sea
B. Caspian Sea
C. Mediterranean Sea
D. Baltic Sea
37. Air transport is preferred because it is:
A. Cheapest
B. Slowest
C. Fastest
D. Simplest
38. U.S.A. accounts for approximately what percentage of world airways?
A. 30%
B. 40%
C. 50%
D. 60%
39. Big Inch pipeline is famous in:
A. India
B. Russia
C. U.S.A.
D. China
40. Big Inch pipeline transports:
A. LPG
B. Milk
C. Petroleum
D. Water
41. OFC stands for:
A. Optical Fibre Cable
B. Optic Fiber Cable
C. Optical Flow Communication
D. Optical Frequency Cable
42. Aryabhatt satellite was launched in:
A. 1972
B. 1975
C. 1979
D. 1981
43. Bhaskar-I was launched in:
A. 1975
B. 1978
C. 1979
D. 1980
44. Rohini satellite was launched in:
A. 1978
B. 1979
C. 1980
D. 1981
45. APPLE satellite was launched on:
A. 19 April 1975
B. 19 June 1981
C. 1 January 1980
D. 15 August 1982
46. Cyberspace refers to:
A. Outer space
B. Physical communication network
C. Electronic digital world
D. Satellite orbit
47. Internet users worldwide in 2023 were approximately:
A. 2 billion
B. 3 billion
C. 4 billion
D. 5.4 billion
International Trade
Tertiary and Quaternary Activities
Secondary Activities
Primary Activities
Human Development
The World Population: Distribution, Density and Growth
Human Geography: Nature and Scope
| # | Question | Answer Section |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | What are meeting points in a transport network called? | Nodes (Page 54) |
| 2 | What are routes connecting nodes called? | Links (Page 54) |
| 3 | Which transport mode carries petroleum and natural gas? | Pipelines (Page 54) |
| 4 | Which animal is used in deserts for transport? | Camel (Page 55) |
| 5 | Which animal is preferred in mountains? | Mule (Page 55) |
| 6 | Name the first public railway route. | Stockton–Darlington (Page 55) |
| 7 | What is the world’s busiest sea route called? | Big Trunk Route (Page 62) |
| 8 | Which canal connects the Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea? | Suez Canal (Page 63) |
| 9 | Which canal connects Atlantic and Pacific Oceans? | Panama Canal (Page 63) |
| 10 | Which river waterway is the world’s most heavily used? | Rhine (Page 65) |
| 11 | Into which sea does the Volga drain? | Caspian Sea (Page 65) |
| 12 | Which is the fastest means of transport? | Air Transport (Page 66) |
| 13 | Which famous pipeline transports petroleum in the USA? | Big Inch (Page 67) |
| 14 | What does OFC stand for? | Optic Fiber Cable (Page 67) |
| 15 | Which Indian satellite was launched in 1975? | Aryabhatt (Page 68) |
| 16 | What is the digital world of communication called? | Cyberspace (Page 68) |
| 17 | What does WWW stand for? | World Wide Web (Page 68) |
| 18 | Which communication network connects over 100 countries? | Internet (Page 68) |
Assertion (A): Transport links producing and consuming centres.
Reason (R): Resources and markets are rarely located in one place.
Assertion (A): Railways are suitable for bulky goods over long distances.
Reason (R): Railways have high carrying capacity.
Assertion (A): Road transport is economical for short distances.
Reason (R): It provides door-to-door services.
Assertion (A): Traffic congestion occurs in many cities.
Reason (R): Road networks often fail to meet increasing traffic demand.
Assertion (A): Border roads are strategically important.
Reason (R): They support defence and remote area connectivity.
Assertion (A): Belgium has the highest railway density.
Reason (R): Europe possesses one of the densest rail networks.
Assertion (A): Trans-Siberian Railway is economically significant.
Reason (R): It connects Asian Russia with European markets.
Assertion (A): Water transport is cheaper than land transport.
Reason (R): Friction of water is less than friction of land.
Assertion (A): The North Atlantic Route is the busiest sea route.
Reason (R): One-fourth of world foreign trade moves through it.
Assertion (A): Suez Canal is more important than the Cape Route.
Reason (R): It significantly reduces distance and travel time.
Assertion (A): Air transport is the fastest means of transport.
Reason (R): It can connect inaccessible regions quickly.
Assertion (A): Pipelines ensure uninterrupted flow of liquids and gases.
Reason (R): Pipelines are extensively used for petroleum and natural gas.
Assertion (A): Satellite communication has reduced the significance of distance.
Reason (R): Communication costs become nearly distance-invariant.
Assertion (A): Cyberspace requires physical movement of sender and receiver.
Reason (R): Communication occurs through electronic networks.
Assertion (A): Internet has contributed to the concept of a global village.
Reason (R): It enables rapid global communication and information exchange.