These Minerals and Rocks Important Questions cover important NCERT concepts related to minerals, rock cycle, igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, metamorphic rocks and geological processes.
The chapter-wise questions include MCQs, one-word questions, assertion and reason questions and analytical descriptive questions useful for UPSC, SSC, Railways, State PSC, CUET, CBSE board exams and competitive examinations.
NCERT Page Coverage: Page 40–45
These MCQs from Minerals and Rocks help students revise important concepts related to minerals, rock formation processes and geological transformations.
A mineral is a:
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Which property is used to identify minerals?
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The hardest known mineral is:
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Rocks are aggregates of:
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Which type of rock is formed from cooling and solidification of magma?
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Igneous rocks are also known as:
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Granite is an example of:
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Basalt is mainly an example of:
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Sedimentary rocks are formed by:
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Which rock type often contains fossils?
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Metamorphic rocks are formed due to:
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Marble is formed from:
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Quartzite is formed from:
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The continuous transformation of rocks is called:
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Which process breaks rocks into smaller fragments?
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Coal is mainly classified as:
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Slate is a metamorphic form of:
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Which mineral property measures resistance to scratching?
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Rocks without layers are generally:
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The parent material for soil formation mainly comes from:
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| Question | Answer | Page Reference |
|---|---|---|
| What is a naturally occurring inorganic substance called? | Mineral | Page 40 |
| Which is the hardest mineral? | Diamond | Page 41 |
| Rocks are aggregates of what? | Minerals | Page 41 |
| Which rocks are formed from magma? | Igneous rocks | Page 42 |
| What are primary rocks called? | Igneous rocks | Page 42 |
| Which igneous rock forms below Earth’s surface? | Granite | Page 42 |
| Which rock type contains fossils? | Sedimentary rocks | Page 43 |
| Which process forms sedimentary rocks? | Consolidation | Page 43 |
| Which rocks form under heat and pressure? | Metamorphic rocks | Page 44 |
| Marble is formed from which rock? | Limestone | Page 44 |
| Quartzite is formed from which rock? | Sandstone | Page 44 |
| What is continuous transformation of rocks called? | Rock cycle | Page 45 |
| Which process breaks rocks into fragments? | Weathering | Page 45 |
| Slate is formed from which rock? | Shale | Page 44 |
| Which mineral property measures scratch resistance? | Hardness | Page 41 |
Assertion (A): Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic substances.
Reason (R): Minerals possess definite chemical and physical properties.
Options:
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Assertion (A): Igneous rocks are called primary rocks.
Reason (R): Other rocks are ultimately derived from igneous rocks.
Options:
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Assertion (A): Sedimentary rocks often contain fossils.
Reason (R): Sediments accumulate in layers preserving remains of organisms.
Options:
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Assertion (A): Metamorphic rocks form under heat and pressure.
Reason (R): Existing rocks undergo physical and chemical changes.
Options:
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Assertion (A): Granite is an intrusive igneous rock.
Reason (R): Granite cools slowly beneath Earth’s surface.
Options:
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Assertion (A): Basalt is an extrusive igneous rock.
Reason (R): Basalt forms from rapid cooling of lava on Earth’s surface.
Options:
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Assertion (A): Rock cycle is a continuous process.
Reason (R): Rocks continuously transform from one type to another.
Options:
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Explain the meaning and characteristics of minerals.
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Discuss the important physical properties of minerals.
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Explain the formation and characteristics of igneous rocks.
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Differentiate between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks.
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Explain the formation and characteristics of sedimentary rocks.
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Discuss the importance of sedimentary rocks in geological studies.
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Explain the formation and characteristics of metamorphic rocks.
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Differentiate between igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.
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Explain the rock cycle with suitable examples.
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Discuss the importance of rocks in soil formation.
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Explain the role of heat and pressure in metamorphism.
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Discuss how fossils are preserved in sedimentary rocks.
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Explain the significance of granite and basalt in geology.
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Describe the continuous transformation process involved in rock cycle.
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Discuss the economic importance of minerals and rocks.
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