This page provides complete NCERT Class 11 Fundamentals of Physical Geography Chapter 9 questions, including MCQs, one-word and descriptive questions. All questions are extracted line-by-line from NCERT for full syllabus coverage and exam preparation.
The chapter details the major global pressure belts (Equatorial Low, Subtropical Highs, etc.) and their seasonal oscillations. The core of atmospheric motion is explained through the interplay of three key forces acting on wind: the Pressure Gradient Force, the Frictional Force, and the Coriolis Force (due to Earth’s rotation).
This interaction leads to phenomena like the geostrophic wind (where pressure gradient and Coriolis forces balance) and distinct circulation patterns around highs (anticyclonic) and lows (cyclonic).
The chapter elaborates on the General Circulation of the Atmosphere, comprising the Hadley, Ferrel, and Polar cells, which redistribute heat globally. This large-scale circulation interacts with oceans, influencing events like ENSO (El Niño-Southern Oscillation).
Finally, the chapter categorizes various weather systems. It explains local winds like land/sea breezes and mountain/valley winds, the formation and classification of air masses, and the weather disturbances at their boundaries called fronts.
It contrasts the formation, structure, and impact of massive storm systems: Extra-Tropical Cyclones (with clear frontal systems in mid-latitudes) and more intense Tropical Cyclones (driven by latent heat over warm oceans). It concludes with violent, localized storms such as thunderstorms and tornadoes.
Get MCQs, One-Liners, Descriptive and Assertion & Reason based questions and answers mapped to exact page numbers. Designed for effortless memorization for Boards & Civil Services.
Get MCQs, One-Liners, Descriptive and Assertion & Reason based questions and answers mapped to exact page numbers. Designed for effortless memorization for Boards & Civil Services.
What is the primary cause of air motion (wind)? (Pg. 1)
What is the approximate decrease in pressure for every 10m increase in elevation in the lower atmosphere? (Pg. 1)
Near the equator, the sea level pressure zone is known as: (Pg. 2)
What is the combined effect that horizontal winds near the Earth’s surface respond to? (Pg. 3)
The frictional force affecting wind speed is greatest: (Pg. 3)
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When isobars are straight and friction is absent, the wind blowing parallel to the isobars is called: (Pg. 4)
Over a low-pressure area at the surface, the air generally: (Pg. 4)
The combined phenomenon of Southern Oscillation and El Nino is known as: (Pg. 5)
During the day, the wind blows from: (Pg. 6)
Which of the following is a warm air mass? (Pg. 6)
Extra-tropical cyclones have a clear: (Pg. 7-8)
What is the calm centre of a mature tropical cyclone called? (Pg. 8)
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Thunderstorms are caused by: (Pg. 9)
(Exercise) If the surface air pressure is 1,000 mb, the air pressure at 1 km above the surface will be: (Pg. 9)
(Exercise) The Inter Tropical Convergence Zone normally occurs: (Pg. 9)
(Exercise) The direction of wind around a low pressure in northern hemisphere is: (Pg. 9)
(Exercise) Which one is the source region for the formation of air masses? (Pg. 9)
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The instrument used to measure air pressure is a ______. (Pg. 1) Page 76
Lines connecting places having equal pressure are called ______. (Pg. 2) Page 77
The high-pressure areas found along 30° N and 30° S are called ______ highs. (Pg. 2) Page 77
The force exerted by the rotation of the Earth which affects wind direction is the ______ force. (Pg. 3) Page 78
The Coriolis force is maximum at the ______ and absent at the equator. (Pg. 3-4) Page 78-79
The wind circulation around a low-pressure area is called ______ circulation. (Pg. 4) Page 79
The pattern of the movement of the planetary winds is called the ______ of the atmosphere. (Pg. 4) Page 79
The easterlies from either side of the equator converge in the ______. (Pg. 5) Page 80
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The cool air draining from high plateaus into valleys is called ______ wind. (Pg. 6) Page 81
The boundary zone where two different air masses meet is called a ______. (Pg. 6) Page 81
Extra-tropical cyclones generally move from ______ to east. (Pg. 8) Page 83
Tropical cyclones in the Indian Ocean are known as ______. (Pg. 8) Page 83
A tornado over the sea is called a ______. (Pg. 9) Page 84
(Exercise) The pressure is measured in units of ______. (Pg. 9) Page 84