1. What is a landform? How is it different from a landscape? (Pg. 1) Page 47
2. Describe the three stages of landscape development (Youth, Mature, Old) in a running water regime. (Pg. 2) Page 48
3. How are potholes formed by stream erosion? (Pg. 2-3) Page 48-49
4. What are river terraces and how are they formed? (Pg. 3) Page 49
5. Explain the difference between an active floodplain and an inactive floodplain. (Pg. 4) Page 50
6. Explain why meanders develop over flood and delta plains. (Pg. 5) Page 51
7. What is the difference between a solution sink and a collapse sink (doline)? (Pg. 6-7) Page 52-53
8. Name and describe the two main depositional features found within limestone caves. (Pg. 7) Page 53
9. What is a horn and how is it formed? Give an example. (Pg. 8) Page 54
10. What are moraines? Name and describe three types. (Pg. 9-10) Page 55-56
11. What is the primary difference between high rocky coasts and low sedimentary coasts? (Pg. 11-12) Page 57-58
12. How does a spit form? (Pg. 12-13) Page 58-59
13. Explain the formation of a pediplain through the parallel retreat of slopes. (Pg. 13-14) Page 59-60
14. How does wind act as a sorting agent in forming depositional landforms? (Pg. 14) Page 60

What is considered the most important geomorphic agent in degrading land surfaces in humid regions? (Pg. 1)

What is the plain formed as a result of stream erosion called? (Pg. 2)

What are the large, deep holes at the base of waterfalls called? (Pg. 3)

What are the broad, cone-shaped deposits formed when streams break into foot slope plains called? (Pg. 3-4)

What are the low, linear ridges of coarse deposits along the banks of large rivers called? (Pg. 5)

A limestone region showing typical landforms produced by groundwater action is called ______ topography. (Pg. 6)

What are long, narrow to wide trenches formed when sinkholes join together called? (Pg. 7)

What are masses of ice moving as sheets over land or down mountain valleys called? (Pg. 8)

Glaciated valleys are typically: (Pg. 9)

What are sinuous ridges of sand and gravel deposited by streams flowing beneath a glacier called? (Pg. 10)

What are remnant masses of rock, originally parts of a cliff, standing isolated off the shore called? (Pg. 12)

Which of the following is NOT a primary erosional action of wind? (Pg. 13)

Shallow lakes in desert basins that retain water only for a short duration are called: (Pg. 14)

Crescent-shaped dunes with points directed downwind are called: (Pg. 14-15)

(Exercise) In which stage of landform development is downward cutting most dominant? (Pg. 15)

(Exercise) A deep valley characterised by steep step-like side slopes is known as: (Pg. 15)

(Exercise) In which region is chemical weathering more dominant than mechanical? (Pg. 15)

(Exercise) Which sentence best defines ‘Lapies’? (Pg. 15)

(Exercise) A deep trough with very steep concave walls at its head is known as: (Pg. 15)

The two components of running water are overland flow as a sheet and linear flow as ______. (Pg. 1) Page 47

A deep valley with very steep to straight sides is called a ______. (Pg. 2) Page 48

Meanders cut into hard rocks are called ______ or entrenched meanders. (Pg. 3) Page 49

Unlike alluvial fans, the deposits making up ______ are very well sorted with clear stratification. (Pg. 4) Page 50

Deposits found on the concave side of meanders are called ______ or meander bars. (Pg. 5) Page 51

Small to medium round depressions on limestone surfaces formed by solution are called ______ holes. (Pg. 6) Page 52

The irregular limestone surface with sharp pinnacles and ridges is called ______. (Pg. 7) Page 53

The most common landform in glaciated mountains, a deep trough at the head of a glacier, is a ______. (Pg. 8) Page 54

Very deep glacial troughs filled with seawater are called ______. (Pg. 9) Page 55

Smooth, oval-shaped ridges composed of glacial till are called ______. (Pg. 10-11) Page 56-57

A ridge of sand and shingle lying parallel to the coast in the offshore zone is called an ______ bar. (Pg. 12) Page 58

Gently inclined rocky floors close to mountains in deserts are called ______. (Pg. 13) Page 59

Wind-carved rock remnants with a slender stalk and broad cap are called ______ rocks. (Pg. 14) Page 60

Long ridges of sand aligned parallel to the wind direction in areas of poor sand supply are ______ dunes. (Pg. 15) Page 61

(Exercise) What do incised meanders in rocks indicate? (Pg. 15) Page 61