These Solar Radiation, Heat Balance and Temperature Important Questions cover important NCERT concepts related to insolation, heat budget, atmospheric heating, terrestrial radiation and temperature distribution.
The chapter-wise questions include MCQs, one-word questions, assertion and reason questions and analytical descriptive questions useful for UPSC, SSC, Railways, State PSC, CUET, CBSE board exams and competitive examinations.
NCERT Page Coverage: Page 69–72
These MCQs from Solar Radiation, Heat Balance and Temperature help students revise important concepts related to atmospheric heating, heat transfer and temperature distribution.
The Sun is the main source of:
Page Reference: Page 69
Incoming solar radiation is known as:
Page Reference: Page 69
The amount of insolation received on Earth depends mainly on:
Page Reference: Page 69
The maximum insolation is received at:
Page Reference: Page 69
The reflection of solar radiation by Earth’s surface is called:
Page Reference: Page 70
Fresh snow has:
Page Reference: Page 70
The atmosphere is heated mainly by:
Page Reference: Page 70
The Earth radiates energy back to atmosphere in the form of:
Page Reference: Page 70
The process of heat transfer through direct contact is called:
Page Reference: Page 71
The vertical transfer of heat in atmosphere is known as:
Page Reference: Page 71
Horizontal movement of air transferring heat is called:
Page Reference: Page 71
Which process is mainly responsible for heating lower atmosphere?
Page Reference: Page 70
The difference between maximum and minimum temperature is called:
Page Reference: Page 72
The normal lapse rate is approximately:
Page Reference: Page 72
Temperature generally decreases with increasing:
Page Reference: Page 72
Which factor strongly influences temperature near coasts?
Page Reference: Page 72
Places near seas experience:
Page Reference: Page 72
The unequal heating of Earth is mainly due to:
Page Reference: Page 69
Which surface absorbs maximum solar radiation?
Page Reference: Page 70
The balance between incoming and outgoing heat is called:
Page Reference: Page 70
| Question | Answer | Page Reference |
|---|---|---|
| What is incoming solar radiation called? | Insolation | Page 69 |
| What is reflection coefficient of Earth called? | Albedo | Page 70 |
| Which process transfers heat through direct contact? | Conduction | Page 71 |
| Which process transfers heat vertically in atmosphere? | Convection | Page 71 |
| Which process transfers heat horizontally? | Advection | Page 71 |
| What is outgoing heat from Earth called? | Terrestrial radiation | Page 70 |
| Which surface has highest albedo? | Fresh snow | Page 70 |
| What maintains Earth’s heat balance? | Heat budget | Page 70 |
| What is difference between maximum and minimum temperature called? | Temperature range | Page 72 |
| What is normal lapse rate? | 6.5°C per 1000 m | Page 72 |
| Which region receives maximum insolation? | Equator | Page 69 |
| Which atmospheric layer is mainly heated from below? | Troposphere | Page 71 |
| Which process transfers energy through electromagnetic waves? | Radiation | Page 71 |
| Which factor moderates coastal temperatures? | Distance from sea | Page 72 |
| Which regions generally experience extreme temperature ranges? | Deserts | Page 72 |
| Which colour absorbs maximum heat? | Dark colour | Page 70 |
| Why do higher latitudes receive less heat? | Slanting rays | Page 69 |
| Which air rises upward during convection? | Warm air | Page 71 |
| Which factor causes decrease of temperature with height? | Altitude | Page 72 |
| Which regions experience lowest annual temperature range? | Oceanic regions | Page 72 |
Assertion (A): The Sun is the primary source of energy for Earth.
Reason (R): Most atmospheric processes are driven by solar energy.
Options:
Page Reference: Page 69
Assertion (A): Equatorial regions receive maximum insolation.
Reason (R): Sun’s rays fall almost vertically near equator.
Options:
Page Reference: Page 69
Assertion (A): Earth’s atmosphere is mainly heated from below.
Reason (R): Earth reradiates absorbed heat as terrestrial radiation.
Options:
Page Reference: Page 70
Assertion (A): Fresh snow reflects large amount of solar radiation.
Reason (R): Fresh snow has high albedo.
Options:
Page Reference: Page 70
Assertion (A): Conduction transfers heat slowly in atmosphere.
Reason (R): Air is a poor conductor of heat.
Options:
Page Reference: Page 71
Assertion (A): Warm air rises upward in atmosphere.
Reason (R): Warm air becomes lighter after expansion.
Options:
Page Reference: Page 71
Assertion (A): Coastal regions experience moderate temperatures.
Reason (R): Water heats and cools more slowly than land.
Options:
Page Reference: Page 72
Assertion (A): Temperature decreases with increasing altitude.
Reason (R): Atmosphere is mainly heated from Earth’s surface.
Options:
Page Reference: Page 72
Assertion (A): Deserts have high daily temperature range.
Reason (R): Desert atmosphere contains little moisture and cloud cover.
Options:
Page Reference: Page 72
Assertion (A): Heat budget maintains Earth’s average temperature balance.
Reason (R): Incoming solar radiation equals outgoing terrestrial radiation over long periods.
Options:
Page Reference: Page 70
Explain the meaning and importance of insolation.
Page Reference: Page 69
Discuss the factors affecting distribution of insolation.
Page Reference: Page 69
Explain why equatorial regions receive maximum insolation.
Page Reference: Page 69
Describe the concept of albedo and its significance.
Page Reference: Page 70
Explain the process of terrestrial radiation.
Page Reference: Page 70
Discuss the concept of Earth’s heat budget.
Page Reference: Page 70
Explain how atmosphere is heated.
Page Reference: Page 70–71
Differentiate between conduction, convection and advection.
Page Reference: Page 71
Explain why atmosphere is heated from below.
Page Reference: Page 70–71
Discuss the importance of convectional currents in atmosphere.
Page Reference: Page 71
Explain the concept of normal lapse rate.
Page Reference: Page 72
Discuss the factors controlling temperature distribution.
Page Reference: Page 72
Explain why coastal regions experience moderate climate.
Page Reference: Page 72
Discuss the causes of high temperature range in deserts.
Page Reference: Page 72
Explain the role of latitude in temperature distribution.
Page Reference: Page 69–72