These Federalism Class 11 Political Science Notes explain the meaning, features and functioning of federalism in India. The chapter discusses centre-state relations, division of powers, demands for autonomy, role of Governors, interstate conflicts and special provisions for certain states.
These notes are useful for CBSE Board Exams, CUET, UPSC Preparation, SSC, Railways, State PSC exams and Political Science revision.
This chapter explains:
The chapter highlights how India balances unity and diversity through federalism.
Federalism is:
Both governments:
Federalism helps:
Examples discussed in chapter:
Countries where federalism failed:
Reasons:
India has:
Yet India maintains:
Powers divided through Constitution.
Constitution defines:
Constitution is supreme.
Judiciary resolves disputes between:
Federalism works properly when there is:
Dominance of one group may create:
India adopted federalism because:
India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States.
Indian federalism is based on:
Constitution:
Indian Constitution creates:
Both have:
If disputes arise:
Only Parliament can make laws.
Subjects include:
Only State Legislature can make laws.
Subjects include:
Both Centre and States can make laws.
Subjects include:
Subjects not mentioned in any list:
Example:
Constitution makers wanted:
Parliament can:
During emergency:
Centre controls:
States:
This increased centralisation.
Governor can:
Rajya Sabha can allow Parliament:
States must not:
Centre can:
All India Services:
Serve:
Controlled largely by:
Based on:
It strengthened Union government powers.
States demand:
Autonomy means:
Not:
States want:
States demand:
States oppose:
Examples:
Governor:
States often view Governor as:
Appointed in:
Recommended:
Provides:
Applied when:
Centre often dismissed:
States reorganised mainly on:
Set up in:
Recommended:
| State | Year |
|---|---|
| Andhra Pradesh | 1953 |
| Gujarat | 1960 |
| Maharashtra | 1960 |
| Haryana | 1966 |
| Chhattisgarh | 2000 |
| Uttarakhand | 2000 |
| Jharkhand | 2000 |
| Telangana | 2014 |
Examples:
Examples:
Because rivers affect:
Some states receive:
Due to:
Examples:
Jammu and Kashmir earlier had:
State concurrence required for:
J&K had:
Centre had:
Through:
State divided into:
Both became Union Territories.
Constitution – Why and How? Notes
Rights in the Indian Constitution Notes
Election and Representation Notes
Executive Notes
Legislature Notes
Judiciary Notes
Local Governments Notes
Constitution as a Living Document Notes
The Philosophy of the Constitution Notes
| Important Topic | Pages |
|---|---|
| Meaning of Federalism | 153–156 |
| Federalism in India | 157–159 |
| Division of Powers | 158–159 |
| Strong Centre | 160–163 |
| Centre-State Relations | 163–165 |
| Autonomy Demands | 165–166 |
| Governor and President’s Rule | 166–167 |
| New States | 167–168 |
| Interstate Disputes | 168–169 |
| Special Provisions | 170–171 |
A system with division of powers between Centre and States.
Article 356.
Subjects not mentioned in any list.
Provision giving special status to Jammu and Kashmir.
Mainly for linguistic and administrative reasons.