This page provides complete NCERT Class 11 Themes in World History Chapter 3 questions, including MCQs, one-word and descriptive questions. All questions are extracted line-by-line from NCERT for full syllabus coverage and exam preparation.
Lords, in turn, owed loyalty to greater lords (vassals) of kings. The Catholic Church supported this system and provided spiritual guidance in an uncertain world where life expectancy was low. Monasteries became centres of religious devotion and scholarship, connected to a network stretching from Muslim Spain to Byzantium.
From the twelfth century, commercial revival began, led by Mediterranean entrepreneurs in Venice and Genoa. Trade with Muslim states and the eastern Roman Empire grew, reinforced by the Crusades. Population growth stimulated fairs and port cities of the Baltic and North Seas. By the fourteenth century, the Renaissance (especially in north Italian towns) shifted European attitudes – the wealthy became less concerned with the afterlife and more interested in the wonders of life itself.
Artists, sculptors, and writers explored humanity and world discovery, influenced by Islamic art, Greek ideas from Byzantine trade, and classical examples. By the late fifteenth century, these changes encouraged unprecedented voyages of discovery. Spaniards and Portuguese pushed down Africa’s west coast, rounded the Cape of Good Hope, and reached India (Vasco da Gama in Calicut, 1498).
Columbus attempted a western route to India and reached the West Indies in 1492. Europeans encountered diverse peoples – from North African geographer Hasan al-Wazzan (Leo Africanus), who wrote the first geography of Africa for Pope Leo X, to Japanese who quickly adopted European musket technology. However, European encounters also brought devastation: diseases killed over 90% of some indigenous American populations by the end of the sixteenth century.
The chapter concludes by noting that until the end of the seventeenth century, for much of the Islamic world, India, and China, Europeans remained curiosities – hardy traders and seamen with little to contribute to their sense of the larger world.
Get MCQs, One-Liners, Descriptive and Assertion & Reason based questions and answers mapped to exact page numbers. Designed for effortless memorization for Boards & Civil Services.
Get MCQs, One-Liners, Descriptive and Assertion & Reason based questions and answers mapped to exact page numbers. Designed for effortless memorization for Boards & Civil Services.
Which empire of Charlemagne is mentioned as a fine example of combining Roman institutions with tribal customary rules?
What name was given to peasants who cultivated land and pledged loyalty, goods, and services to lords of the manor?
Which two Mediterranean cities were known for entrepreneurial trade encouraging evolution of the feudal order?
In which year did Columbus reach the islands Europeans called the West Indies?
Who was the Aztec woman who befriended Cortes and interpreted/negotiated for him?
Where did Vasco da Gama arrive in 1498?
Which Englishman became friend and counsellor of Japanese Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu in the early seventeenth century?
What invention is associated with Zacharias Janssen in the 1590s according to the timeline?
Who wrote The Canterbury Tales, one of the earliest compositions in English?
Which Mughal emperor consolidated Mughal rule in India?
What was the capital of the Aztec empire established in 1325?
What accounting system did the Aztecs develop according to the timeline?
Get MCQs, One-Liners, Descriptive and Assertion & Reason based questions and answers mapped to exact page numbers. Designed for effortless memorization for Boards & Civil Services.
What was the system of agricultural production organised around castles and manor houses called? Page 79
What were the God-fearing communities where people devoted themselves to religious service called? Page 79
What term describes military expeditions to free holy places associated with Christ from Muslims? Page 79
What period of European cultural rebirth beginning in the fourteenth century is mentioned? Page 80
Which Spanish conqueror of Mexico was befriended by Dona Marina? Page 81
What disease devastated indigenous American populations after European contact? Page 81
What was the name of the Japanese shogun who befriended Will Adams? Page 81
Which Portuguese explorer reached India in 1498? Page 81
Which dynasty ruled China from 1368 onwards according to the timeline? Page 84
Which Mughal ruler built the Taj Mahal (1632-53)? Page 84
Which European country established slave trading in 1442? Page 83
Who wrote Don Quixote (1605), one of the first novels? Page 83
Which French king (1638-1715) is associated with absolutism? Page 83
Get MCQs, One-Liners, Descriptive and Assertion & Reason based questions and answers mapped to exact page numbers. Designed for effortless memorization for Boards & Civil Services.