Biodiversity and Conservation Important Questions
These Biodiversity and Conservation Important Questions cover important NCERT concepts related to biodiversity, ecosystem balance, conservation methods, environmental degradation and sustainable development.
The chapter-wise questions include MCQs, one-word questions, assertion and reason questions and analytical descriptive questions useful for UPSC, SSC, Railways, State PSC, CUET, CBSE board exams and competitive examinations.
NCERT Page Coverage: Page 120–123
Table of Contents
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
These MCQs from Biodiversity and Conservation help students revise important concepts related to biodiversity, conservation strategies, ecological balance and sustainable development.
MCQ 1
Biodiversity refers to:
- A. Only plant species
- B. Variety of life forms on Earth
- C. Only animal species
- D. Only microorganisms
Page Reference: Page 120
MCQ 2
Which level of biodiversity refers to variation within species?
- A. Ecosystem diversity
- B. Species diversity
- C. Genetic diversity
- D. Landscape diversity
Page Reference: Page 120
MCQ 3
The variety of ecosystems in a region is called:
- A. Species diversity
- B. Genetic diversity
- C. Ecosystem diversity
- D. Biological mutation
Page Reference: Page 120
MCQ 4
India is considered a mega biodiversity nation because:
- A. It has largest deserts only
- B. It possesses rich variety of flora and fauna
- C. It has only tropical forests
- D. It has maximum glaciers only
Page Reference: Page 121
MCQ 5
Deforestation mainly causes:
- A. Increase in biodiversity
- B. Loss of habitat
- C. Increase in rainfall only
- D. Ocean salinity only
Page Reference: Page 121
MCQ 6
The destruction of natural habitats leads to:
- A. Species conservation
- B. Biodiversity loss
- C. Increase in genetic variation only
- D. Soil formation only
Page Reference: Page 121
MCQ 7
Poaching refers to:
- A. Forest conservation
- B. Illegal hunting of animals
- C. Scientific farming only
- D. Soil conservation only
Page Reference: Page 122
MCQ 8
The protection of biodiversity within natural habitats is called:
- A. Ex-situ conservation
- B. In-situ conservation
- C. Artificial conservation
- D. Chemical conservation
Page Reference: Page 122
MCQ 9
National parks are examples of:
- A. Ex-situ conservation
- B. In-situ conservation
- C. Industrial conservation
- D. Commercial conservation
Page Reference: Page 122
MCQ 10
The conservation of species outside natural habitat is called:
- A. In-situ conservation
- B. Ex-situ conservation
- C. Ecosystem conservation
- D. Environmental planning
Page Reference: Page 122
MCQ 11
Botanical gardens are examples of:
- A. In-situ conservation
- B. Ex-situ conservation
- C. Habitat destruction
- D. Ecological imbalance only
Page Reference: Page 122
MCQ 12
The Red Data Book contains information about:
- A. Ocean currents
- B. Endangered species
- C. Volcanoes
- D. Mineral resources only
Page Reference: Page 123
MCQ 13
Species facing very high risk of extinction are called:
- A. Dominant species
- B. Endangered species
- C. Exotic species
- D. Common species
Page Reference: Page 123
MCQ 14
Which activity promotes sustainable use of resources?
- A. Overexploitation
- B. Conservation
- C. Poaching
- D. Deforestation
Page Reference: Page 123
MCQ 15
Ecological balance is maintained through:
- A. Biodiversity
- B. Habitat destruction
- C. Excessive mining
- D. Pollution only
Page Reference: Page 120
One-Word / Very Short Answer Questions
| Question | Answer | Page Reference |
|---|---|---|
| What is variety of life forms called? | Biodiversity | Page 120 |
| Which biodiversity level refers to variation within species? | Genetic diversity | Page 120 |
| What is illegal hunting called? | Poaching | Page 122 |
| Which conservation method protects species in natural habitat? | In-situ conservation | Page 122 |
| Which conservation method protects species outside natural habitat? | Ex-situ conservation | Page 122 |
| Which protected area conserves wildlife? | Wildlife sanctuary | Page 122 |
| Which protected area preserves ecosystems and wildlife? | National park | Page 122 |
| Which book contains data on endangered species? | Red Data Book | Page 123 |
| Which organisation publishes Red Data Book? | IUCN | Page 123 |
| Which species face high risk of extinction? | Endangered species | Page 123 |
| What is excessive use of natural resources called? | Overexploitation | Page 121 |
| Which conservation facility preserves seeds and genes? | Gene bank | Page 122 |
| Which conservation facility preserves plants? | Botanical garden | Page 122 |
| Which conservation facility preserves animals outside natural habitat? | Zoo | Page 122 |
| What is development without harming future generations called? | Sustainable development | Page 123 |
Assertion and Reason Questions
Question 1
Assertion (A): Biodiversity is important for ecological balance.
Reason (R): Different species perform interconnected ecological functions.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 120
Question 2
Assertion (A): Habitat destruction causes biodiversity loss.
Reason (R): Species depend on natural habitats for survival.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 121
Question 3
Assertion (A): Deforestation threatens wildlife populations.
Reason (R): Forest destruction reduces shelter and food availability.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 121
Question 4
Assertion (A): Poaching contributes to species extinction.
Reason (R): Illegal hunting reduces wildlife populations rapidly.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 122
Important Exam-Based Concept Questions
Question 1
Explain the meaning and importance of biodiversity.
Page Reference: Page 120
Question 2
Discuss the different levels of biodiversity.
Page Reference: Page 120
Question 3
Explain why biodiversity is important for ecological balance.
Page Reference: Page 120
Question 4
Discuss the causes of biodiversity loss.
Page Reference: Page 121
Question 5
Explain the impact of deforestation on biodiversity.
Page Reference: Page 121
Question 6
Discuss the role of human activities in species extinction.
Page Reference: Page 121
Question 7
Explain the concept of in-situ conservation with examples.
Page Reference: Page 122
Question 8
Describe the importance of national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
Page Reference: Page 122
Question 9
Explain the concept of ex-situ conservation with examples.
Page Reference: Page 122
Question 10
Discuss the role of zoos, botanical gardens and gene banks in conservation.
Page Reference: Page 122
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