These Biodiversity and Conservation Important Questions cover the most important MCQs, one-word questions, assertion and reason questions and descriptive questions from NCERT Class 11 Geography Chapter 14. The questions are prepared from NCERT concepts and important exam-oriented topics for quick revision and practice.
This page is useful for UPSC, SSC, PSC, Railway, CUET and Class 11 Geography preparation, helping students revise important concepts related to biodiversity, ecosystem balance, conservation methods, environmental degradation and sustainable development.
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These MCQs from Biodiversity and Conservation are designed for quick objective revision and competitive exam preparation. The questions cover important biodiversity concepts, ecosystem balance, conservation strategies and environmental protection measures discussed in the NCERT chapter.
Biodiversity refers to:
A. Only plant species
B. Variety of life forms on Earth
C. Only animal species
D. Only microorganisms
Answer: B. Variety of life forms on Earth | Page Reference: Page 120
Which level of biodiversity refers to variation within species?
A. Ecosystem diversity
B. Species diversity
C. Genetic diversity
D. Landscape diversity
Answer: C. Genetic diversity | Page Reference: Page 120
The variety of ecosystems in a region is called:
A. Species diversity
B. Genetic diversity
C. Ecosystem diversity
D. Biological mutation
Answer: C. Ecosystem diversity | Page Reference: Page 120
India is considered a mega biodiversity nation because:
A. It has largest deserts only
B. It possesses rich variety of flora and fauna
C. It has only tropical forests
D. It has maximum glaciers only
Answer: B. It possesses rich variety of flora and fauna | Page Reference: Page 121
Deforestation mainly causes:
A. Increase in biodiversity
B. Loss of habitat
C. Increase in rainfall only
D. Ocean salinity only
Answer: B. Loss of habitat | Page Reference: Page 121
The destruction of natural habitats leads to:
A. Species conservation
B. Biodiversity loss
C. Increase in genetic variation only
D. Soil formation only
Answer: B. Biodiversity loss | Page Reference: Page 121
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Poaching refers to:
A. Forest conservation
B. Illegal hunting of animals
C. Scientific farming only
D. Soil conservation only
Answer: B. Illegal hunting of animals | Page Reference: Page 122
The protection of biodiversity within natural habitats is called:
A. Ex-situ conservation
B. In-situ conservation
C. Artificial conservation
D. Chemical conservation
Answer: B. In-situ conservation | Page Reference: Page 122
National parks are examples of:
A. Ex-situ conservation
B. In-situ conservation
C. Industrial conservation
D. Commercial conservation
Answer: B. In-situ conservation | Page Reference: Page 122
The conservation of species outside natural habitat is called:
A. In-situ conservation
B. Ex-situ conservation
C. Ecosystem conservation
D. Environmental planning
Answer: B. Ex-situ conservation | Page Reference: Page 122
Botanical gardens are examples of:
A. In-situ conservation
B. Ex-situ conservation
C. Habitat destruction
D. Ecological imbalance only
Answer: B. Ex-situ conservation | Page Reference: Page 122
The Red Data Book contains information about:
A. Ocean currents
B. Endangered species
C. Volcanoes
D. Mineral resources only
Answer: B. Endangered species | Page Reference: Page 123
Species facing very high risk of extinction are called:
A. Dominant species
B. Endangered species
C. Exotic species
D. Common species
Answer: B. Endangered species | Page Reference: Page 123
Which activity promotes sustainable use of resources?
A. Overexploitation
B. Conservation
C. Poaching
D. Deforestation
Answer: B. Conservation | Page Reference: Page 123
Ecological balance is maintained through:
A. Biodiversity
B. Habitat destruction
C. Excessive mining
D. Pollution only
Answer: A. Biodiversity | Page Reference: Page 120
The major cause of species extinction today is:
A. Natural evolution only
B. Human activities
C. Volcanic eruptions only
D. Ocean tides only
Answer: B. Human activities | Page Reference: Page 121
Wildlife sanctuaries are mainly established for:
A. Industrial development
B. Wildlife protection
C. Mining activities only
D. Urban expansion only
Answer: B. Wildlife protection | Page Reference: Page 122
Which among the following is an ex-situ conservation method?
A. Biosphere reserve
B. Wildlife sanctuary
C. Zoo
D. National park
Answer: C. Zoo | Page Reference: Page 122
Sustainable development means:
A. Unlimited use of resources
B. Development without harming future generations
C. Industrial growth only
D. Maximum exploitation of forests
Answer: B. Development without harming future generations | Page Reference: Page 123
Loss of biodiversity can disturb:
A. Ecological balance
B. Ocean currents only
C. Planetary motion only
D. Earth’s rotation only
Answer: A. Ecological balance | Page Reference: Page 120
Which organisation publishes Red Data Book?
A. WHO
B. UNESCO
C. IUCN
D. IMF
Answer: C. IUCN | Page Reference: Page 123
Protected areas are important because they:
A. Promote deforestation
B. Preserve biodiversity
C. Increase mining activities
D. Reduce rainfall only
Answer: B. Preserve biodiversity | Page Reference: Page 122
Biodiversity is important for:
A. Ecological stability
B. Human survival
C. Resource availability
D. All of these
Answer: D. All of these | Page Reference: Page 120
Which activity threatens biodiversity most directly?
A. Afforestation
B. Habitat destruction
C. Conservation programmes
D. National parks only
Answer: B. Habitat destruction | Page Reference: Page 121
Gene banks are used for:
A. Soil conservation
B. Preservation of genetic material
C. Ocean conservation
D. River cleaning only
Answer: B. Preservation of genetic material | Page Reference: Page 122
The excessive use of natural resources is called:
A. Sustainable development
B. Conservation
C. Overexploitation
D. Rehabilitation
Answer: C. Overexploitation | Page Reference: Page 121
Which conservation method preserves species in natural surroundings?
A. Ex-situ conservation
B. In-situ conservation
C. Artificial breeding only
D. Gene banking only
Answer: B. In-situ conservation | Page Reference: Page 122
Pollution adversely affects:
A. Biodiversity
B. Ecosystems
C. Human health
D. All of these
Answer: D. All of these | Page Reference: Page 121–123
The main objective of conservation is to:
A. Increase exploitation
B. Protect natural resources and biodiversity
C. Expand industries only
D. Promote urbanisation only
Answer: B. Protect natural resources and biodiversity | Page Reference: Page 123
Biodiversity conservation is essential for:
A. Environmental sustainability
B. Ecological balance
C. Human welfare
D. All of these
Answer: D. All of these | Page Reference: Page 120–123
One-Word / Very Short Answer Questions
These one-word and factual questions help students quickly revise important biodiversity concepts, conservation methods and environmental protection measures from the chapter. The section is especially useful for UPSC, SSC, PSC, Railway, CUET and other objective examinations.
-
What is variety of life forms called?
Answer: Biodiversity | Page Reference: Page 120
-
Which biodiversity level refers to variation within species?
Answer: Genetic diversity | Page Reference: Page 120
-
What is illegal hunting called?
Answer: Poaching | Page Reference: Page 122
-
Which conservation method protects species in natural habitat?
Answer: In-situ conservation | Page Reference: Page 122
-
Which conservation method protects species outside natural habitat?
Answer: Ex-situ conservation | Page Reference: Page 122
-
Which protected area conserves wildlife?
Answer: Wildlife sanctuary | Page Reference: Page 122
-
Which protected area preserves ecosystems and wildlife?
Answer: National park | Page Reference: Page 122
-
Which book contains data on endangered species?
Answer: Red Data Book | Page Reference: Page 123
-
Which organisation publishes Red Data Book?
Answer: IUCN | Page Reference: Page 123
-
Which species face high risk of extinction?
Answer: Endangered species | Page Reference: Page 123
-
What is excessive use of natural resources called?
Answer: Overexploitation | Page Reference: Page 121
-
Which conservation facility preserves seeds and genes?
Answer: Gene bank | Page Reference: Page 122
-
Which conservation facility preserves plants?
Answer: Botanical garden | Page Reference: Page 122
-
Which conservation facility preserves animals outside natural habitat?
Answer: Zoo | Page Reference: Page 122
-
What is development without harming future generations called?
Answer: Sustainable development | Page Reference: Page 123
-
Which activity destroys natural habitats?
Answer: Deforestation | Page Reference: Page 121
-
Which factor maintains ecological balance?
Answer: Biodiversity | Page Reference: Page 120
-
Which activity threatens biodiversity significantly?
Answer: Habitat destruction | Page Reference: Page 121
-
Which areas are created for biodiversity protection?
Answer: Protected areas | Page Reference: Page 122
-
Which environmental issue affects ecosystems and species?
Answer: Pollution | Page Reference: Page 121–123
Assertion and Reason Questions
These assertion and reason questions from Biodiversity and Conservation help students develop conceptual clarity and analytical understanding of biodiversity protection and environmental sustainability. They are highly useful for board exams and competitive examinations.
Assertion (A): Biodiversity is important for ecological balance.
Reason (R): Different species perform interconnected ecological functions.
Options:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A | Page Reference: Page 120
Assertion (A): Habitat destruction causes biodiversity loss.
Reason (R): Species depend on natural habitats for survival.
Options:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A | Page Reference: Page 121
Assertion (A): Deforestation threatens wildlife populations.
Reason (R): Forest destruction reduces shelter and food availability.
Options:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A | Page Reference: Page 121
Assertion (A): Poaching contributes to species extinction.
Reason (R): Illegal hunting reduces wildlife populations rapidly.
Options:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A | Page Reference: Page 122
Assertion (A): National parks are examples of in-situ conservation.
Reason (R): Species are protected within their natural habitats in national parks.
Options:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A | Page Reference: Page 122
Assertion (A): Zoos are examples of ex-situ conservation.
Reason (R): Animals are conserved outside their natural habitats in zoos.
Options:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A | Page Reference: Page 122
Assertion (A): Gene banks help preserve biodiversity.
Reason (R): Genetic material of species is stored safely in gene banks.
Options:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A | Page Reference: Page 122
Assertion (A): Endangered species require conservation efforts.
Reason (R): Endangered species face high risk of extinction.
Options:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A | Page Reference: Page 123
Assertion (A): Sustainable development promotes environmental protection.
Reason (R): Sustainable development ensures resource use without harming future generations.
Options:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A | Page Reference: Page 123
Assertion (A): Pollution negatively affects biodiversity.
Reason (R): Pollutants disturb ecosystems and species survival.
Options:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A | Page Reference: Page 121–123
Assertion (A): India is considered a mega biodiversity country.
Reason (R): India possesses diverse ecosystems and species richness.
Options:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A | Page Reference: Page 121
Assertion (A): Protected areas are essential for biodiversity conservation.
Reason (R): Protected areas safeguard habitats and ecosystems from exploitation.
Options:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A | Page Reference: Page 122
Assertion (A): Overexploitation threatens natural resources.
Reason (R): Excessive resource use exceeds natural regeneration capacity.
Options:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A | Page Reference: Page 121
Assertion (A): Red Data Book is important for conservation planning.
Reason (R): It provides information about threatened species.
Options:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A | Page Reference: Page 123
Assertion (A): Biodiversity conservation is necessary for human survival.
Reason (R): Humans depend on biodiversity for food, medicine and ecological stability.
Options:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Correct Option: A | Page Reference: Page 120–123
Important Exam-Based Concept Questions
These important descriptive and analytical questions from Biodiversity and Conservation are useful for board examinations and competitive exams. The questions focus on conceptual understanding, biodiversity protection and sustainable development.
-
Explain the meaning and importance of biodiversity.
(Page Reference: Page 120) -
Discuss the different levels of biodiversity.
(Page Reference: Page 120) -
Explain why biodiversity is important for ecological balance.
(Page Reference: Page 120) -
Discuss the causes of biodiversity loss.
(Page Reference: Page 121) -
Explain the impact of deforestation on biodiversity.
(Page Reference: Page 121) -
Discuss the role of human activities in species extinction.
(Page Reference: Page 121) -
Explain the concept of in-situ conservation with examples.
(Page Reference: Page 122) -
Describe the importance of national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
(Page Reference: Page 122) -
Explain the concept of ex-situ conservation with examples.
(Page Reference: Page 122) -
Discuss the role of zoos, botanical gardens and gene banks in conservation.
(Page Reference: Page 122) -
Explain the significance of Red Data Book.
(Page Reference: Page 123) -
Discuss the importance of protecting endangered species.
(Page Reference: Page 123) -
Explain the concept of sustainable development.
(Page Reference: Page 123) -
Discuss the relationship between biodiversity and sustainable development.
(Page Reference: Page 123) -
Explain the importance of protected areas in conservation.
(Page Reference: Page 122) -
Discuss the effects of pollution on biodiversity and ecosystems.
(Page Reference: Page 121–123) -
Explain why conservation is essential for future generations.
(Page Reference: Page 123) -
Discuss the major environmental threats to biodiversity.
(Page Reference: Page 121–123) -
Explain the role of public awareness in biodiversity conservation.
(Page Reference: Page 123) -
Discuss measures for biodiversity conservation and environmental sustainability.
(Page Reference: Page 122–123)
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