Water in the Atmosphere Important Questions
These Water in the Atmosphere Important Questions cover important NCERT concepts related to humidity, evaporation, condensation, cloud formation, precipitation and atmospheric moisture.
The chapter-wise questions include MCQs, one-word questions, assertion and reason questions and analytical descriptive questions useful for UPSC, SSC, Railways, State PSC, CUET, CBSE board exams and competitive examinations.
NCERT Page Coverage: Page 84–89
Table of Contents
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
These MCQs from Water in the Atmosphere help students revise important concepts related to humidity, clouds, condensation and precipitation processes.
MCQ 1
The main source of atmospheric moisture is:
- A. Mountains
- B. Oceans
- C. Forests only
- D. Volcanoes only
Page Reference: Page 84
MCQ 2
The process through which water changes into vapour is called:
- A. Condensation
- B. Precipitation
- C. Evaporation
- D. Sublimation
Page Reference: Page 84
MCQ 3
Evaporation increases with:
- A. Lower temperature
- B. Higher humidity
- C. Higher temperature
- D. Calm air only
Page Reference: Page 84
MCQ 4
The amount of water vapour present in air is called:
- A. Pressure
- B. Humidity
- C. Condensation
- D. Insolation
Page Reference: Page 85
MCQ 5
Humidity expressed as percentage is called:
- A. Absolute humidity
- B. Specific humidity
- C. Relative humidity
- D. Saturation point
Page Reference: Page 85
MCQ 6
Air becomes saturated when:
- A. It contains no moisture
- B. It contains maximum moisture possible at given temperature
- C. Temperature reaches 0°C
- D. Wind stops completely
Page Reference: Page 85
MCQ 7
The temperature at which air becomes saturated is called:
- A. Freezing point
- B. Dew point
- C. Boiling point
- D. Lapse rate
Page Reference: Page 85
MCQ 8
Condensation occurs when:
- A. Air temperature rises
- B. Air cools below dew point
- C. Pressure decreases only
- D. Winds stop completely
Page Reference: Page 86
MCQ 9
Tiny drops of water suspended in air near ground form:
- A. Clouds
- B. Fog
- C. Frost
- D. Hailstones
Page Reference: Page 86
MCQ 10
Clouds are formed mainly due to:
- A. Condensation of water vapour
- B. Earthquakes
- C. Solar eclipses
- D. Ocean currents only
Page Reference: Page 87
MCQ 11
Which clouds appear as high thin white sheets?
- A. Cumulus
- B. Nimbus
- C. Cirrus
- D. Stratus
Page Reference: Page 87
MCQ 12
Dark rain-bearing clouds are generally called:
- A. Cirrus
- B. Nimbus
- C. Stratus
- D. Cumulus
Page Reference: Page 87
MCQ 13
Heap-like clouds with flat bases are called:
- A. Cirrus
- B. Stratus
- C. Nimbus
- D. Cumulus
Page Reference: Page 87
MCQ 14
Continuous layered clouds are called:
- A. Stratus
- B. Cumulus
- C. Nimbus
- D. Cirrus
Page Reference: Page 87
MCQ 15
Rainfall caused by surface heating is called:
- A. Cyclonic rainfall
- B. Orographic rainfall
- C. Convectional rainfall
- D. Frontal rainfall
Page Reference: Page 88
MCQ 16
Rainfall occurring due to mountains obstructing winds is called:
- A. Cyclonic rainfall
- B. Frontal rainfall
- C. Orographic rainfall
- D. Convectional rainfall
Page Reference: Page 88
MCQ 17
The leeward side of mountains generally experiences:
- A. Heavy rainfall
- B. Rain shadow region
- C. Cyclones only
- D. Snowstorms only
Page Reference: Page 88
MCQ 18
Rainfall caused by meeting of warm and cold air masses is called:
- A. Orographic rainfall
- B. Convectional rainfall
- C. Cyclonic rainfall
- D. Relief rainfall
Page Reference: Page 89
MCQ 19
Snowfall occurs when:
- A. Temperature remains above freezing point
- B. Water vapour freezes directly
- C. Humidity disappears completely
- D. Pressure becomes very high
Page Reference: Page 89
MCQ 20
Hailstones are formed mainly in:
- A. Calm weather
- B. Thunderstorms
- C. Desert regions only
- D. Polar regions only
Page Reference: Page 89
One-Word / Very Short Answer Questions
| Question | Answer | Page Reference |
|---|---|---|
| What is atmospheric moisture called? | Humidity | Page 85 |
| Which process converts water into vapour? | Evaporation | Page 84 |
| Which process converts vapour into liquid water? | Condensation | Page 86 |
| What is temperature of saturation called? | Dew point | Page 85 |
| What are ground-level clouds called? | Fog | Page 86 |
| Which clouds are thin and feathery? | Cirrus clouds | Page 87 |
| Which clouds are rain-bearing? | Nimbus clouds | Page 87 |
| Which clouds are heap-like? | Cumulus clouds | Page 87 |
| Which clouds occur in layers? | Stratus clouds | Page 87 |
| Which rainfall occurs due to convection currents? | Convectional rainfall | Page 88 |
| Which rainfall occurs due to mountains? | Orographic rainfall | Page 88 |
| Which side of mountain receives less rainfall? | Leeward side | Page 88 |
| Which rainfall occurs due to fronts? | Cyclonic rainfall | Page 89 |
| Which instrument measures rainfall? | Rain gauge | Page 89 |
| Which precipitation form consists of ice pellets? | Hail | Page 89 |
| Which process changes ice directly into vapour? | Sublimation | Page 84 |
| Which humidity is expressed in percentage? | Relative humidity | Page 85 |
| Which atmospheric layer contains clouds? | Troposphere | Page 87 |
| Which side of mountain receives maximum rainfall? | Windward side | Page 88 |
| What is released during condensation? | Latent heat | Page 86 |
Assertion and Reason Questions
Question 1
Assertion (A): Evaporation increases with rise in temperature.
Reason (R): Higher temperature provides more energy to water molecules.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 84
Question 2
Assertion (A): Warm air can hold more moisture than cold air.
Reason (R): Capacity of air to retain water vapour increases with temperature.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 85
Question 3
Assertion (A): Condensation occurs after air cools below dew point.
Reason (R): Saturated air cannot hold excess water vapour.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 86
Question 4
Assertion (A): Fog is a ground-level cloud.
Reason (R): Water vapour condenses near Earth’s surface under suitable conditions.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 86
Question 5
Assertion (A): Cirrus clouds generally indicate fair weather.
Reason (R): Cirrus clouds are high thin clouds made of ice crystals.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 87
Question 6
Assertion (A): Orographic rainfall occurs on windward mountain slopes.
Reason (R): Moist air rises, cools and condenses when obstructed by mountains.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 88
Question 7
Assertion (A): Leeward side of mountains receives less rainfall.
Reason (R): Descending air becomes warmer and drier on leeward side.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 88
Question 8
Assertion (A): Convectional rainfall is common in equatorial regions.
Reason (R): Strong heating causes rapid upward movement of moist air.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 88
Question 9
Assertion (A): Cyclonic rainfall occurs due to meeting of warm and cold air masses.
Reason (R): Warm air rises above cold air causing condensation.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 89
Question 10
Assertion (A): Relative humidity changes with temperature.
Reason (R): Warm air has greater moisture-holding capacity.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 85
Important Exam-Based Concept Questions
Question 1
Explain the importance of atmospheric moisture.
Page Reference: Page 84
Question 2
Discuss the process and factors affecting evaporation.
Page Reference: Page 84
Question 3
Explain the concept and types of humidity.
Page Reference: Page 85
Question 4
Differentiate between absolute humidity and relative humidity.
Page Reference: Page 85
Question 5
Explain the meaning and significance of dew point.
Page Reference: Page 85
Question 6
Discuss the conditions necessary for condensation.
Page Reference: Page 86
Question 7
Explain the formation of fog and mist.
Page Reference: Page 86
Question 8
Describe the different types of clouds.
Page Reference: Page 87
Question 9
Differentiate between cirrus, cumulus, stratus and nimbus clouds.
Page Reference: Page 87
Question 10
Explain the process of cloud formation.
Page Reference: Page 87
Question 11
Discuss the different forms of precipitation.
Page Reference: Page 89
Question 12
Explain the mechanism of convectional rainfall.
Page Reference: Page 88
Question 13
Describe the process of orographic rainfall with suitable diagram explanation.
Page Reference: Page 88
Question 14
Explain why rain shadow regions develop on leeward slopes.
Page Reference: Page 88
Question 15
Discuss the mechanism of cyclonic rainfall.
Page Reference: Page 89
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