Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems Important Questions
These Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems Important Questions cover important NCERT concepts related to atmospheric pressure, planetary winds, circulation systems, cyclones, anticyclones and weather phenomena.
The chapter-wise questions include MCQs, one-word questions, assertion and reason questions and analytical descriptive questions useful for UPSC, SSC, Railways, State PSC, CUET, CBSE board exams and competitive examinations.
NCERT Page Coverage: Page 76–81
Table of Contents
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
These MCQs from Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems help students revise important concepts related to atmospheric pressure, winds, circulation systems and cyclonic weather conditions.
MCQ 1
Atmospheric pressure is caused by:
- A. Earth’s rotation only
- B. Weight of air
- C. Ocean currents only
- D. Solar eclipses only
Page Reference: Page 76
MCQ 2
Atmospheric pressure decreases with:
- A. Increase in temperature only
- B. Increase in altitude
- C. Increase in rainfall only
- D. Increase in humidity only
Page Reference: Page 76
MCQ 3
The instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure is:
- A. Hygrometer
- B. Thermometer
- C. Barometer
- D. Anemometer
Page Reference: Page 76
MCQ 4
Air moves from:
- A. Low pressure to high pressure
- B. High pressure to low pressure
- C. Equator to poles only
- D. Oceans to deserts only
Page Reference: Page 77
MCQ 5
The horizontal movement of air is called:
- A. Convection
- B. Radiation
- C. Wind
- D. Condensation
Page Reference: Page 77
MCQ 6
Which force deflects winds due to Earth’s rotation?
- A. Frictional force
- B. Gravitational force
- C. Coriolis force
- D. Centripetal force
Page Reference: Page 77
MCQ 7
According to Ferrel’s Law, winds are deflected to the right in:
- A. Southern Hemisphere
- B. Northern Hemisphere
- C. Equatorial region only
- D. Polar region only
Page Reference: Page 77
MCQ 8
The trade winds blow from:
- A. Equator to poles
- B. Subtropical high pressure belts to equatorial low pressure belt
- C. Polar regions to equator only
- D. Westerlies to polar regions only
Page Reference: Page 78
MCQ 9
The calm zone near the equator is known as:
- A. Horse latitudes
- B. Doldrums
- C. Roaring forties
- D. Polar front
Page Reference: Page 78
MCQ 10
Westerlies blow from:
- A. East to west
- B. West to east
- C. Equator to poles
- D. Poles to equator only
Page Reference: Page 78
MCQ 11
The Roaring Forties are associated with:
- A. Trade winds
- B. Polar winds
- C. Westerlies
- D. Monsoon winds
Page Reference: Page 78
MCQ 12
Polar easterlies originate from:
- A. Equatorial low pressure belt
- B. Polar high pressure belt
- C. Subtropical high pressure belt
- D. Temperate low pressure belt
Page Reference: Page 78
MCQ 13
Monsoon winds reverse direction mainly due to:
- A. Ocean currents
- B. Differential heating of land and water
- C. Earthquakes
- D. Volcanoes
Page Reference: Page 79
MCQ 14
Local winds develop due to:
- A. Global pressure belts only
- B. Local temperature and pressure differences
- C. Ocean salinity only
- D. Earth’s revolution only
Page Reference: Page 79
MCQ 15
A warm and dry local wind in Alps is called:
- A. Chinook
- B. Loo
- C. Foehn
- D. Mistral
Page Reference: Page 79
MCQ 16
The hot and dry summer wind in northern India is called:
- A. Chinook
- B. Foehn
- C. Loo
- D. Blizzard
Page Reference: Page 79
MCQ 17
Cyclones are associated with:
- A. High pressure
- B. Low pressure
- C. Calm conditions only
- D. Anticyclonic conditions only
Page Reference: Page 80
MCQ 18
Air in a cyclone moves:
- A. Downward and outward
- B. Upward and inward
- C. Horizontally only
- D. Downward only
Page Reference: Page 80
MCQ 19
Anticyclones are generally associated with:
- A. Cloudy weather
- B. Heavy rainfall
- C. Clear skies
- D. Thunderstorms only
Page Reference: Page 80
MCQ 20
Tropical cyclones derive energy mainly from:
- A. Cold ocean currents
- B. Warm ocean waters
- C. Mountains only
- D. Polar winds only
Page Reference: Page 81
One-Word / Very Short Answer Questions
| Question | Answer | Page Reference |
|---|---|---|
| What measures atmospheric pressure? | Barometer | Page 76 |
| What is horizontal movement of air called? | Wind | Page 77 |
| Which force deflects winds? | Coriolis force | Page 77 |
| Which law explains wind deflection due to Earth’s rotation? | Ferrel’s Law | Page 77 |
| Which calm equatorial zone is associated with rising air? | Doldrums | Page 78 |
| Which winds blow from subtropical highs to equatorial lows? | Trade winds | Page 78 |
| Which winds dominate between 30° and 60° latitudes? | Westerlies | Page 78 |
| Which winds originate from polar high pressure belts? | Polar easterlies | Page 78 |
| What are permanent winds also called? | Planetary winds | Page 78 |
| Which hot dry wind blows in northern India? | Loo | Page 79 |
| Which warm dry wind blows in Alps? | Foehn | Page 79 |
| Which weather system is associated with low pressure? | Cyclone | Page 80 |
| Which weather system is associated with high pressure? | Anticyclone | Page 80 |
| What is calm centre of cyclone called? | Eye | Page 81 |
| Which cyclones form along polar front? | Temperate cyclones | Page 81 |
| Which cyclones derive energy from warm oceans? | Tropical cyclones | Page 81 |
| Which force drives air from high pressure to low pressure? | Pressure gradient force | Page 77 |
| Which pressure belt is found near 30° latitudes? | Subtropical high pressure belt | Page 78 |
| Which pressure system generally causes clear weather? | Anticyclone | Page 80 |
| Which winds are strongest in Southern Hemisphere westerlies? | Roaring Forties | Page 78 |
Assertion and Reason Questions
Question 1
Assertion (A): Atmospheric pressure decreases with altitude.
Reason (R): Density of air decreases with increasing height.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 76
Question 2
Assertion (A): Winds blow from high pressure to low pressure regions.
Reason (R): Pressure gradient force causes movement of air.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 77
Question 3
Assertion (A): Winds are deflected due to Earth’s rotation.
Reason (R): Coriolis force affects direction of moving air.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 77
Question 4
Assertion (A): Doldrums experience calm conditions.
Reason (R): Air rises vertically in equatorial low pressure belt.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 78
Question 5
Assertion (A): Westerlies blow from west to east.
Reason (R): Coriolis force deflects winds in temperate regions.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 78
Question 6
Assertion (A): Monsoon winds reverse direction seasonally.
Reason (R): Differential heating of land and water changes pressure conditions.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 79
Question 7
Assertion (A): Cyclones are associated with low pressure.
Reason (R): Air converges and rises upward in cyclonic systems.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 80
Question 8
Assertion (A): Anticyclones generally produce clear weather.
Reason (R): Descending air prevents cloud formation.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 80
Question 9
Assertion (A): Tropical cyclones derive energy from warm oceans.
Reason (R): Warm oceans provide moisture and latent heat.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 81
Question 10
Assertion (A): Temperate cyclones form along polar fronts.
Reason (R): Warm and cold air masses interact strongly in these regions.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 81
Important Exam-Based Concept Questions
Question 1
Explain the meaning and importance of atmospheric pressure.
Page Reference: Page 76
Question 2
Discuss the factors affecting atmospheric pressure distribution.
Page Reference: Page 76
Question 3
Explain the concept of pressure gradient force.
Page Reference: Page 77
Question 4
Discuss the role of Coriolis force in atmospheric circulation.
Page Reference: Page 77
Question 5
Explain Ferrel’s Law with suitable examples.
Page Reference: Page 77
Question 6
Describe the planetary wind system of Earth.
Page Reference: Page 78
Question 7
Explain the characteristics of trade winds.
Page Reference: Page 78
Question 8
Discuss the importance of westerlies in global circulation.
Page Reference: Page 78
Question 9
Explain the formation and significance of doldrums.
Page Reference: Page 78
Question 10
Discuss the characteristics of polar easterlies.
Page Reference: Page 78
Question 11
Explain the causes and mechanism of monsoon winds.
Page Reference: Page 79
Question 12
Describe important local winds of the world.
Page Reference: Page 79
Question 13
Differentiate between cyclones and anticyclones.
Page Reference: Page 80
Question 14
Explain the formation and characteristics of tropical cyclones.
Page Reference: Page 81
Question 15
Discuss the characteristics of temperate cyclones.
Page Reference: Page 81
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