Geomorphic Processes Important Questions
These Geomorphic Processes Important Questions cover important NCERT concepts related to geomorphic processes, weathering, mass movements, erosion, deposition and landform development.
The chapter-wise questions include MCQs, one-word questions, assertion and reason questions and analytical descriptive questions useful for UPSC, SSC, Railways, State PSC, CUET, CBSE board exams and competitive examinations.
NCERT Page Coverage: Page 50–55
Table of Contents
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
These MCQs from Geomorphic Processes help students revise important concepts related to weathering, erosion, deposition and landform development.
MCQ 1
Geomorphic processes are mainly responsible for:
- A. Atmospheric circulation only
- B. Formation and modification of landforms
- C. Ocean salinity only
- D. Biological evolution only
Page Reference: Page 50
MCQ 2
The forces originating within Earth are called:
- A. Exogenic forces
- B. Endogenic forces
- C. Atmospheric forces
- D. Hydrological forces
Page Reference: Page 50
MCQ 3
The forces operating on Earth’s surface are called:
- A. Endogenic forces
- B. Exogenic forces
- C. Internal forces
- D. Seismic forces only
Page Reference: Page 50
MCQ 4
Weathering refers to:
- A. Transportation of sediments
- B. Breaking down of rocks in situ
- C. Volcanic eruption
- D. Plate movement
Page Reference: Page 51
MCQ 5
Mechanical weathering is also known as:
- A. Chemical weathering
- B. Physical weathering
- C. Biological weathering
- D. Organic weathering
Page Reference: Page 51
MCQ 6
Which process causes rocks to break due to temperature changes?
- A. Carbonation
- B. Exfoliation
- C. Hydration
- D. Oxidation
Page Reference: Page 52
MCQ 7
Chemical weathering involves:
- A. Physical disintegration only
- B. Chemical decomposition of rocks
- C. Transportation of sediments
- D. River erosion only
Page Reference: Page 53
MCQ 8
Which process occurs when water reacts with minerals?
- A. Oxidation
- B. Hydration
- C. Exfoliation
- D. Abrasion
Page Reference: Page 53
MCQ 9
Mass movement refers to:
- A. Wind erosion only
- B. Downward movement of rock debris under gravity
- C. River transportation only
- D. Ocean currents only
Page Reference: Page 54
MCQ 10
The slow downward movement of soil on slopes is called:
- A. Landslide
- B. Rockfall
- C. Soil creep
- D. Avalanche
Page Reference: Page 54
MCQ 11
Rapid movement of rocks and debris down slopes is called:
- A. Weathering
- B. Landslide
- C. Exfoliation
- D. Hydration
Page Reference: Page 54
MCQ 12
Running water is an important agent of:
- A. Deposition only
- B. Erosion and deposition
- C. Volcanism only
- D. Earthquake formation only
Page Reference: Page 55
MCQ 13
Which process involves removal of weathered material?
- A. Weathering
- B. Erosion
- C. Hydration
- D. Folding
Page Reference: Page 55
MCQ 14
Depositional landforms are formed due to:
- A. Removal of sediments
- B. Accumulation of sediments
- C. Earthquakes only
- D. Volcanic eruptions only
Page Reference: Page 55
MCQ 15
Biological weathering is caused by:
- A. Temperature only
- B. Water only
- C. Plants and animals
- D. Volcanoes only
Page Reference: Page 53
MCQ 16
Oxidation mainly affects rocks containing:
- A. Iron minerals
- B. Quartz only
- C. Gold only
- D. Granite only
Page Reference: Page 53
MCQ 17
Geomorphic processes continuously reshape:
- A. Atmosphere only
- B. Earth’s surface
- C. Ocean chemistry only
- D. Biosphere only
Page Reference: Page 50
MCQ 18
Which force is mainly responsible for mass movement?
- A. Wind
- B. Gravity
- C. Temperature
- D. Rainfall only
Page Reference: Page 54
MCQ 19
The wearing away of Earth’s surface is known as:
- A. Deposition
- B. Erosion
- C. Sedimentation
- D. Folding
Page Reference: Page 55
MCQ 20
Weathering contributes to:
- A. Soil formation
- B. Earthquake generation only
- C. Plate tectonics only
- D. Ocean salinity only
Page Reference: Page 51
One-Word / Very Short Answer Questions
| Question | Answer | Page Reference |
|---|---|---|
| What processes shape Earth’s surface? | Geomorphic processes | Page 50 |
| What are internal Earth forces called? | Endogenic forces | Page 50 |
| What are surface forces called? | Exogenic forces | Page 50 |
| What is breakdown of rocks in situ called? | Weathering | Page 51 |
| What is another name for mechanical weathering? | Physical weathering | Page 51 |
| Which process breaks rocks due to temperature changes? | Exfoliation | Page 52 |
| Which weathering involves chemical decomposition? | Chemical weathering | Page 53 |
| Which process occurs when water reacts with minerals? | Hydration | Page 53 |
| What is downward movement of debris under gravity called? | Mass movement | Page 54 |
| What is slow movement of soil down slopes called? | Soil creep | Page 54 |
| What is rapid movement of rocks down slopes called? | Landslide | Page 54 |
| Which process removes weathered materials? | Erosion | Page 55 |
| Which process accumulates sediments? | Deposition | Page 55 |
| Which weathering is caused by plants and animals? | Biological weathering | Page 53 |
| Which force mainly causes mass movement? | Gravity | Page 54 |
Assertion and Reason Questions
Question 1
Assertion (A): Geomorphic processes continuously modify Earth’s surface.
Reason (R): Endogenic and exogenic forces operate simultaneously.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 50
Question 2
Assertion (A): Weathering occurs in situ.
Reason (R): Rocks disintegrate and decompose without transportation.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 51
Question 3
Assertion (A): Exfoliation is a type of mechanical weathering.
Reason (R): Temperature changes cause outer rock layers to peel off.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 52
Question 4
Assertion (A): Chemical weathering changes mineral composition of rocks.
Reason (R): Chemical reactions occur between minerals and water or gases.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 53
Question 5
Assertion (A): Mass movement mainly occurs due to gravity.
Reason (R): Weathered materials move downward along slopes.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 54
Question 6
Assertion (A): Running water causes both erosion and deposition.
Reason (R): Rivers transport and deposit sediments at different locations.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 55
Question 7
Assertion (A): Weathering contributes to soil formation.
Reason (R): Rocks break down into smaller particles over time.
Options:
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Page Reference: Page 51
Important Exam-Based Concept Questions
Question 1
Explain the meaning and significance of geomorphic processes.
Page Reference: Page 50
Question 2
Differentiate between endogenic and exogenic forces.
Page Reference: Page 50
Question 3
Explain the concept and types of weathering.
Page Reference: Page 51
Question 4
Discuss the process of mechanical weathering with examples.
Page Reference: Page 51–52
Question 5
Explain the different types of chemical weathering.
Page Reference: Page 53
Question 6
Discuss the role of biological weathering in landform development.
Page Reference: Page 53
Question 7
Explain the meaning and causes of mass movement.
Page Reference: Page 54
Question 8
Differentiate between soil creep and landslides.
Page Reference: Page 54
Question 9
Explain the role of gravity in geomorphic processes.
Page Reference: Page 54
Question 10
Discuss the processes of erosion and deposition.
Page Reference: Page 55
Question 11
Explain how running water acts as an erosional agent.
Page Reference: Page 55
Question 12
Discuss the contribution of weathering to soil formation.
Page Reference: Page 51
Question 13
Explain the importance of geomorphic processes in shaping Earth’s surface.
Page Reference: Page 50–55
Question 14
Discuss the relationship between weathering and erosion.
Page Reference: Page 51–55
Question 15
Explain how geomorphic processes continuously reshape landscapes.
Page Reference: Page 50–55
Leave a Reply